{
"05-31": [
{
"date": "1279-05-31",
"image": "1279-nichiren-tatsunokuchi.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 31 ????? 1279 ? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? «Kanjin no Honzon-sho», ????????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????. ?? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ????????.\n\n? ?????????? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????.",
"en": "On May 31st, 1279, the Japanese monk Nichiren completed the treatise ?Kanjin no Honzon-sho,? establishing his doctrine on the supreme truth of the Lotus Sutra. The text is central to the Nichiren school.\n\nHis teachings profoundly influenced Japanese Buddhism and inspired several modern religious movements."
}
},
{
"date": "1578-05-31",
"image": "1578-king-henry-iii-edict.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 31 ????? 1578 ? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ????. ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????.\n\n???? ??? ???????????, ? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????????.",
"en": "On May 31st, 1578, King Henry III of France issued an edict aimed at reducing corruption and extravagance at the royal court. The decree sought to limit expenses and curb the influence of the nobility.\n\nDespite these efforts, the political instability of the era persisted."
}
},
{
"date": "1790-05-31",
"image": "1790-us-copyright-act.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 31 ????? 1790 ?? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????????? ???????????, ?????????????? ??????, ?????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????? 14 ????. ? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ???????????.\n\n? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ??? ???????? ????????????? ??? ????? ??????????.",
"en": "On May 31st, 1790, the United States enacted its first Copyright Act, protecting books, maps, and charts for a period of 14 years. The law became the foundation of American intellectual property legislation.\n\nIt encouraged creativity and publishing in the young republic."
}
},
{
"date": "1859-05-31",
"image": "1859-big-ben-first-chime.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 31 ????? 1859 ? Big Ben ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???????. ? ???????????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????????.\n\n? ???????? ??? ? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ?????.",
"en": "On May 31st, 1859, Big Ben chimed for the first time in London. The iconic tower and its clock would become symbols of the British capital.\n\nThe precision and reliability of its mechanism impressed contemporaries."
}
},
{
"date": "1884-05-31",
"image": "1884-alaska-boundary-treaty.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 31 ????? 1884 ?? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????, ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????????? ???????. ? ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ?? 1867.\n\n? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????????.",
"en": "On May 31st, 1884, the United States enacted legislation organizing Alaska as a civil territory, providing basic administration and a judicial system. The region had been purchased from Russia in 1867.\n\nThis act was the first step toward Alaska?s eventual statehood."
}
},
{
"date": "1910-05-31",
"image": "1910-south-africa-union.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 31 ????? 1910 ???????? ? ????? ??? ?????? ???????, ????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????. ? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????.\n\n??????, ? ???????? ??? ?? ??????????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??????????.",
"en": "On May 31st, 1910, the Union of South Africa was established, uniting four British colonies into a single state. The union formed the basis of modern South Africa.\n\nHowever, its politics would soon be dominated by racial segregation, eventually evolving into apartheid."
}
},
{
"date": "1916-05-31",
"image": "1916-battle-of-jutland.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 31 ????? 1916 ?????? ? ???????? ??? ???????????, ? ?????????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????????? ???????, ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????. ? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ????????.\n\n?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????, ? ???????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????.",
"en": "On May 31st, 1916, the Battle of Jutland began, the largest naval battle of World War I, fought between the British and German fleets. The engagement lasted two days with heavy losses.\n\nAlthough inconclusive, Britain maintained naval dominance."
}
},
{
"date": "1921-05-31",
"image": "1921-tulsa-massacre.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 31 ????? 1921 ?????? ? ????? ??? ?????, ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ???. ?????? ????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? Greenwood, ?????? ?? «Black Wall Street».\n\n?? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ??? ????????????? ??????? ????? ????????.",
"en": "On May 31st, 1921, the Tulsa Massacre began, one of the most violent racist attacks in U.S. history. White mobs destroyed the prosperous Black neighborhood of Greenwood, known as ?Black Wall Street.?\n\nThe event was suppressed for decades and only recently acknowledged officially."
}
},
{
"date": "1962-05-31",
"image": "1962-adof-eichmann-executed.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 31 ????? 1962 ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????, ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ??? ????????????. ? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????????????.\n\n? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ?????????????.",
"en": "On May 31st, 1962, Adolf Eichmann was executed in Israel after being convicted of crimes against humanity. Eichmann was one of the principal architects of the Holocaust.\n\nHis trial became a landmark in international justice and Holocaust remembrance."
}
},
{
"date": "2005-05-31",
"image": "2005-deep-throat-revealed.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 31 ????? 2005 ????????????? ??? ? «Deep Throat», ? ???????? ??????????????? ??? ????????? Watergate, ???? ? ???? ????, ????? ??????????? ?????????? ??? FBI. ? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ??????????????.\n\n? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ?????????????? ??? Washington Post ?? ??????????? ??? ???????.",
"en": "On May 31st, 2005, it was revealed that ?Deep Throat,? the secret informant of the Watergate scandal, was Mark Felt, former deputy director of the FBI. The revelation solved one of American journalism?s greatest mysteries.\n\nFelt had assisted Washington Post reporters in uncovering the scandal."
}
}
]
}
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