{
"05-13": [
{
"date": "1568-05-13",
"image": "1568-battle-of-heiligerlee.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 13 ????? 1568 ?????????? ? ???? ??? ????????????, ? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????????. ? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????????? ????? ??? ???????????.\n\n?????? ? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????????????, ? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????, ????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ??? ????????? ??????????.",
"en": "On May 13th, 1568, the Battle of Heiligerlee took place, marking the first major engagement of the Eighty Years' War between Dutch rebels and the Spanish Empire. The Dutch victory boosted the morale of the insurgents and signaled the beginning of a long struggle for independence.\n\nAlthough the battle held limited strategic value, its symbolic importance was immense, representing the first successful military action against Spanish rule."
}
},
{
"date": "1619-05-13",
"image": "1619-defenestration-prague-aftermath.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 13 ????? 1619 ?? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??? ???????, ????????????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ?? ??????? ???????????? ??? ??????. ? ??????? ???? ????????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????????.\n\n?? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????????????? ???????, ???? ??? ??? ??? ????????????? ??????????? ???? ????????? ???????.",
"en": "On May 13th, 1619, the Bohemian estates proclaimed Frederick V of the Palatinate as King of Bohemia, escalating the crisis that had begun with the Second Defenestration of Prague. The decision was a direct challenge to Habsburg authority.\n\nThis event contributed to the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War, one of the most devastating conflicts in European history."
}
},
{
"date": "1787-05-13",
"image": "1787-first-fleet-departure.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 13 ????? 1787 ? «?????? ??????» ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????????, ???????????? ??????????, ?????????? ??? ??????????. ? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???????.\n\n? ????? ??? ?????? ?? 1788 ??? ??????? ???? ???????????? ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???????.",
"en": "On May 13th, 1787, the First Fleet departed England for Australia, carrying convicts, soldiers, and supplies. The expedition would lead to the establishment of the first British colony in Oceania.\n\nThe fleet?s arrival in 1788 at Botany Bay marked the beginning of modern Australian history and the start of a new era for the region."
}
},
{
"date": "1846-05-13",
"image": "1846-us-declares-war-mexico.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 13 ????? 1846 ?? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????, ??????????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????????????????? ???????. ? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????????? ???????? ??? «?????????? ?????????».\n\n? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???????, ?? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ????.",
"en": "On May 13th, 1846, the United States officially declared war on Mexico, confirming the start of the Mexican?American War. The conflict stemmed from territorial disputes and the American doctrine of Manifest Destiny.\n\nThe war would result in major territorial changes, with the U.S. acquiring vast regions of what is now the American Southwest."
}
},
{
"date": "1888-05-13",
"image": "1888-brazil-abolishes-slavery.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 13 ????? 1888 ? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? «?????? ?????» ??? ??? ??????????? ????????. ? ???????? ???? ? ????????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????????.\n\n? ????????? ????????? ???????? ???????, ???? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ??????.",
"en": "On May 13th, 1888, Brazil officially abolished slavery with the signing of the Golden Law by Princess Isabel. Brazil was the last country in the Americas to maintain the institution of slavery.\n\nThe abolition marked a historic milestone, though it left unresolved social issues that continue to shape the nation today."
}
},
{
"date": "1917-05-13",
"image": "1917-fatima-apparitions.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 13 ????? 1917 ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????. ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????.\n\n?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ??? 20?? ????? ??? ?????????????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ????????.",
"en": "On May 13th, 1917, three children in Fátima, Portugal, reported seeing an apparition of the Virgin Mary. The event drew widespread attention and attracted thousands of pilgrims in the months that followed.\n\nThe Fátima apparitions became one of the most famous religious events of the 20th century and were later officially recognized by the Catholic Church."
}
},
{
"date": "1940-05-13",
"image": "1940-churchill-blood-toil-speech.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 13 ????? 1940 ? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? «????, ??????, ?????? ??? ??????» ??? ????? ??? ??????????, ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????????. ? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??? ????????? ????????.\n\n? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ????????.",
"en": "On May 13th, 1940, Winston Churchill delivered his historic ?Blood, toil, tears, and sweat? speech to the House of Commons, only days after becoming Prime Minister. The speech served as a rallying cry for resistance against Nazi Germany.\n\nIt boosted British morale and became one of Churchill?s most iconic rhetorical moments."
}
},
{
"date": "1950-05-13",
"image": "1950-first-formula-one-race.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 13 ????? 1950 ?????????? ?? ????? Grand Prix ??? ???????? 1 ??? ???????????? ??? ???????. ? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????????????? ??????.\n\n? ???????? 1 ?? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ?????.",
"en": "On May 13th, 1950, the first Formula One Grand Prix was held at Silverstone in England. The race marked the official beginning of the World Drivers' Championship.\n\nFormula One would go on to become one of the most popular and technologically advanced sports in the world."
}
},
{
"date": "1950-05-13",
"image": "1950-diner-club-first-credit-card.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 13 ????? 1950 ?????????? ? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? Diners Club, ?????????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????????.",
"en": "On May 13th, 1950, the first modern credit card was issued by Diners Club, transforming payment systems worldwide."
}
},
{
"date": "1981-05-13",
"image": "1981-pope-john-paul-ii-assassination-attempt.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 13 ????? 1981 ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????. ? ???????, ?????? ??? ??????, ?????????? ??? ???? ?? ??????, ??????????? ????????? ???.\n\n? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????, ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??????????.",
"en": "On May 13th, 1981, an assassination attempt was made on Pope John Paul II in St. Peter?s Square. The attacker, Mehmet Ali A?ca, shot the Pope at close range, shocking the world.\n\nThe Pope survived and later visited A?ca in prison, an act widely seen as a symbol of reconciliation and forgiveness."
}
},
{
"date": "1995-05-13",
"image": "1995-alison-hargreaves-everest.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 13 ????? 1995 ? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????????. ? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????????.\n\n? ?????????? ????? ??????? ????????????????? ??? ????????????, ?????????? ?????? ?????????.",
"en": "On May 13th, 1995, Alison Hargreaves became the first woman to summit Mount Everest without supplemental oxygen or Sherpa support. Her ascent was hailed as one of the most remarkable achievements in mountaineering history.\n\nHargreaves became a symbol of determination and independence, inspiring generations of climbers."
}
},
{
"date": "2019-05-13",
"image": "2019-us-china-trade-war-tariffs.webp",
"event": {
"el": "???? 13 ????? 2019 ?? ??? ??? ? ???? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????????, ????????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????.",
"en": "On May 13th, 2019, the United States and China imposed new rounds of tariffs on each other, escalating the ongoing trade war."
}
}
]
}
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