<?php
/**
* Example: E-Commerce Order Lifecycle
*
* Demonstrates a complete order flow with states, transitions, guards, and rollback.
*/
require_once __DIR__ . '/../src/StateMachine.php';
// Simulated functions
function validateCart(array $items): bool { return count($items) > 0; }
function processPayment(array $payment): bool { return true; }
function sendReceipt(string $email): void { echo "Receipt sent to $email\n"; }
function notifyCarrier(string $tracking): void { echo "Carrier notified: $tracking\n"; }
function issueRefund(int $orderId): bool { echo "Refund issued for order #$orderId\n"; return true; }
// Create the order state machine
$order = new StateMachine('cart');
$order
->addState('cart')
->addState('checkout', [
'entry' => fn($ctx) => print("Validating cart for order #{$ctx['order_id']}...\n")
])
->addState('payment_pending')
->addState('paid', [
'entry' => fn($ctx) => sendReceipt($ctx['email'])
])
->addState('fulfilled')
->addState('shipped', [
'entry' => fn($ctx) => notifyCarrier($ctx['tracking'])
])
->addState('delivered')
->addState('returned')
->addState('refunded')
->addState('cancelled')
// Happy path transitions
->addTransition('cart', 'checkout', fn($ctx) => validateCart($ctx['items']))
->addTransition('checkout', 'payment_pending')
->addTransition('payment_pending', 'paid', fn($ctx) => processPayment($ctx['payment']))
->addTransition('paid', 'fulfilled')
->addTransition('fulfilled', 'shipped')
->addTransition('shipped', 'delivered')
// Return and refund flow
->addTransition('delivered', 'returned', fn($ctx) => $ctx['within_return_window'] ?? false)
->addTransition('returned', 'refunded', fn($ctx) => issueRefund($ctx['order_id']))
// Cancellation possible from multiple states
->addTransition('cart', 'cancelled')
->addTransition('checkout', 'cancelled')
->addTransition('payment_pending', 'cancelled')
// Guards
->addGuard('refunded', fn($ctx) => ($ctx['user_verified'] ?? false) === true)
// Audit hook
->onAfterTransition(function($from, $to, $ctx) {
echo "[AUDIT] Order #{$ctx['order_id']}: $from ? $to\n";
});
// Execute the flow
echo "=== E-Commerce Order Flow ===\n\n";
$context = [
'order_id' => 12345,
'email' => 'customer@example.com',
'items' => ['item1', 'item2'],
'payment' => ['method' => 'credit_card'],
'tracking' => 'TRACK-987654',
'user_verified' => true
];
try {
$order->transition('checkout', $context);
echo "Current: {$order->getCurrentState()}\n\n";
$order->transition('payment_pending', $context);
echo "Current: {$order->getCurrentState()}\n\n";
$order->transition('paid', $context);
echo "Current: {$order->getCurrentState()}\n\n";
$order->transition('fulfilled', $context);
echo "Current: {$order->getCurrentState()}\n\n";
$order->transition('shipped', $context);
echo "Current: {$order->getCurrentState()}\n\n";
$order->transition('delivered', $context);
echo "Current: {$order->getCurrentState()}\n\n";
} catch (Exception $e) {
echo "Error: {$e->getMessage()}\n";
$order->rollback();
}
// Show flow diagram
echo "\n=== Flow Diagram ===\n";
echo $order->visualizeFlow() . "\n";
// Show history
echo "\n=== Transition History ===\n";
foreach ($order->getHistory() as $entry) {
echo date('H:i:s', (int)$entry['timestamp']) . " | {$entry['from']} ? {$entry['to']}\n";
}
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