[
{
"id": "fact_001",
"statement": "The Great Wall of China is visible from space with the naked eye.",
"category": "geography",
"answer": "false",
"explanation": "This is a common myth. The Great Wall is not visible from low Earth orbit without aid."
},
{
"id": "fact_002",
"statement": "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius at standard atmospheric pressure.",
"category": "science",
"answer": "true",
"explanation": "At 1 atm (101.325 kPa), water boils at exactly 100°C."
},
{
"id": "fact_003",
"statement": "Humans use only 10% of their brain.",
"category": "biology",
"answer": "false",
"explanation": "Brain imaging shows that all areas of the brain have function; we use virtually all of it."
},
{
"id": "fact_004",
"statement": "Lightning never strikes the same place twice.",
"category": "science",
"answer": "false",
"explanation": "Tall structures like the Empire State Building are struck many times per year."
},
{
"id": "fact_005",
"statement": "The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 3 × 10^8 meters per second.",
"category": "physics",
"answer": "true",
"explanation": "The speed of light is 299,792,458 m/s, approximately 3 × 10^8 m/s."
},
{
"id": "fact_006",
"statement": "Goldfish have a memory span of only 3 seconds.",
"category": "biology",
"answer": "false",
"explanation": "Goldfish can remember things for months. The 3-second myth is false."
},
{
"id": "fact_007",
"statement": "The Earth revolves around the Sun once every 365.25 days approximately.",
"category": "astronomy",
"answer": "true",
"explanation": "One orbit takes about 365.25 days, which is why we have leap years."
},
{
"id": "fact_008",
"statement": "Bananas are berries, but strawberries are not.",
"category": "biology",
"answer": "true",
"explanation": "Botanically, bananas qualify as berries while strawberries are aggregate accessory fruits."
},
{
"id": "fact_009",
"statement": "Glass is a liquid that flows very slowly over time.",
"category": "science",
"answer": "false",
"explanation": "Glass is an amorphous solid. The thick-bottomed old windows myth is due to manufacturing, not flow."
},
{
"id": "fact_010",
"statement": "Napoleon Bonaparte was unusually short for his time.",
"category": "history",
"answer": "false",
"explanation": "Napoleon was about 5'7\" (170 cm), average or slightly above average for his era."
},
{
"id": "fact_011",
"statement": "Octopuses have three hearts.",
"category": "biology",
"answer": "true",
"explanation": "Two branchial hearts pump blood to the gills; one systemic heart pumps it to the body."
},
{
"id": "fact_012",
"statement": "Mount Everest is the tallest mountain measured from base to peak.",
"category": "geography",
"answer": "false",
"explanation": "Mauna Kea in Hawaii is taller from base to peak (~10,211m) but most is underwater. Everest is highest above sea level."
},
{
"id": "fact_013",
"statement": "Vitamin C cures the common cold.",
"category": "health",
"answer": "false",
"explanation": "Vitamin C may slightly reduce cold duration but does not cure or prevent colds."
},
{
"id": "fact_014",
"statement": "Sound travels faster in water than in air.",
"category": "physics",
"answer": "true",
"explanation": "Sound travels at ~1,480 m/s in water vs ~343 m/s in air."
},
{
"id": "fact_015",
"statement": "The Amazon rainforest produces 20% of the world's oxygen.",
"category": "science",
"answer": "false",
"explanation": "The Amazon consumes roughly as much oxygen as it produces. Most O2 comes from ocean phytoplankton."
}
]
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